Tile-coating machinery.



P. E. GOLDSMITH.

TILE GOATIN G MACHINERY. APPLIoA'rIoN FILED APB. 19, 1904. RBNBWED APR. e. 1909.

Patented Deo. 28, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

P. E. GOLDSMITH.

TILE GOATING MACHINERY. APPLIUATION FILED APR. 1a, 1904. RENEWBD APB. e, 1909.

944,607, .Patented De@.28,1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

F! E. GOLDSMITH. TILE COATINGrV MACHINERY. APPLIUATION FILED APR. 1s, 1904. Rmmwnn Arx. 6, 1909.

944,607. y Patented De@.28,1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

1 l j N n il T @E 5 n e [ig i N N L i y I@ Q* ,l i u I maman srnrus PATENT orrror.. j

FREDERICK ERNST GOLDSMITH,'OF HAMILTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T0 THE CERAMI i MACHINERY COMPANY, OF HAMILTON, OHIO,`

TILE-COATIG MCHINERY.

Specification 0f Letters Patent.-

Appucauoa med Aprn 1s, 1904, serial No. 203,609. Renewed april s, 1909. serial No-..4as,a91.

To all lwhom it 'may cof/wem:

lBe it knovvn that I, FREDERICK Ennsay 4my co-pending application, filed May 41,

1903, Serial No. 155,115, the construction or formation of the coating'rollhas proved to be of the utmost importance insecurinof a satisfactory working of the apparatus. he

f tile coating material, usually a lead fcompound, contains much heavy matter heldin suspension, and tends to pile up on a solid' surfaced roll in a manner Which renders the proper coating of the tile, especially with a White coating, difficult or impossible. The same ditliculty also arises Where the roll employed is covered with a soft absorbent rraterial, such as felt, and in addition to this, the tile in passing over the roll sinks into the soft or felt surface to such an extent as to become partially coated upon its edges, a result- Whicli is particularly undesirable, as it not only involves a Waste of material, which is expensive, butentails the useless and costly additional operation of scraping oft' the edges of the tile. Another serious ditliculty arises with either of these forms of rolls, from the fact that they provide no means of getting' rid of the air which tends to becarried up with the coating material and to form bubbles. on the coated surface of the tile, which bubbles break when the tile is fired and serve to seriously mar the enamel, no matter how minute they may be.

The most satisfactory construction of roll which I'have as yet been able to devise is one provided with a hard but flexible and porous surface (such as that vafforded by a fine wire gauze or similar` foraminous material) mounted upon an elastic cellular or spongy foundation, such surface being flexible enough to yield sli htly when theV tile passes over it and yet su cien-tly stiff and hard to prevent the tile Afrom sinking into the surface. With this Vconstruction the coating material, supplied to the roll in any suitable. manner, is taken up by t-heorous foundation and held beneath the sur ace of the roll until the pressure of the tile causes it Vto exude through the surface pores in sufficient quantities to coat the face of the tile, but not enough to lap over onto its edges. y l foundation thus rovided, also enables any air carried up wlth the coating material to be forced down or squeezed out at theends sleeves of this material telescoped onelover' In this constructlon, the mner 70 the -other. I sleeves will form the compressrble cellular foundation for the outside sleeve which affonds the actual coating surface of the roll,

andthe several sleeves will not tit each other so closely but what the air and superfluous color can escape through their interstices and pass out at the end oft-he roll. A better Patented Deo. 28, 1909.

The cellular nature ofthe surface of the roll *or otherwise prevented from construction, howeverpisone in which'` cellular foundation for the 'yielding poroussurface of the roll includes a layer of per# forated, corrugated or cupped elasticV ma- J terial, such as rubber, over which the Gauze sleeves are sli pcd; Such an elastic tlayer may consist of a perforated rubber sleeve, in which case one or more inner layers or sleeves of wire screenin will be inserted beneath the perforated ru ber, or the surface of the core which supports the rubberwill be otherwise formed with channels through which any air or coating material forced through the perforations 1n the sleeve may escape when pressure is applied to the roll. Again, the elastic layer may be the longitudinally corrugated surface of a solid rulb'ber core or of a sleeve fitted over an inner core or cylindric frame Work, or, still better, a rubber sleeve or surface ribbed or corrugated in two directions, so as to present a multiplicity of little cups or pockets Within which the coating material can lie, may be provided asy the foundation, for the outer screens or sleeves which, in every case, will 4be provided in sufficient number to prevent the tile from being marked by the corrugations or ribs of the rubber. As a further improvement,also, and no matter hovv the yielding porous foundation of the roll may be constructed, it, is contemplated that the outermost sleeve or layer which forms the actual coating surface of the roll, will be fitted loosely over the inner foundation'tlay- Aco ers so as to be capable of readily: slipping thereon, if occasion arises. Without this provision any variation, no matter how sli ht, between surface speeds of the coatm ro and of the tile as it asses over the rol is accomplished by a s ippin of the one relatively to the other, which Ieaves a ,mark ou the coating applied to the tile. But wlth the -outersleeve thus loosely surrounding the foundation layers beneath it, the friction between their contacting metallic surfaces is so slight that the outer sleeve adheres to the tile rather than to the roll and assumes velocity exactly equal to the surface speed of the tile, thus preventing the slippin and resultant objectionable markings re erred to, anu insuring the even coating of the tiles surface.

In order to fully utilize the advantages of the "im roved construction of coating roll thus kie erred t.o,the invention also contemplates the application of a presser bar, preferably a strip or roll of rubber or similar yielding elastic material, to that side of the coating roll from which the tile approaches, at a point above the place where the coating material is supplied to the roll. This bar is designed to exert a continuous pressure on the surface of the roll and compress its cellular structure sufficiently to squeeze down or out at the ends of the roll any surplusof coating material and any air bubbles ormed or existing within the coating material taken up by the roll, so that at the top of the roll where it com es in contact With the tile, this coating material will befi'ee from entrained air and only supplied in sufficient quantity tocoat the tile uniformly and without lapping over upon its edges.

The object of the invention is to provide an 'improved construction in devices of the character and along the lines referred to, and itconsists of the matters hereinafter set forth and art-icularly pointed out in the appended c aims.

In tlie accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a fragmentary top plan view of a coating roll constructed in accordance with my invention in one form. Fig. 2 is a transverse section thereof.A Figs. 3-4 and 5-6 are similar views of constructions of coating roll'solnewhat modified from that shown in Figs. l and 2. Fig. 7 is a fragmentary sectional eieva'tion of a tile coating machineof my invention showing one inannerof employing my improved' coatingroll. Fig. 8 is a side elevation thereof taken at right angles to the viewshown in Fig. 5.

As shown in Figs.' l and 2 of said drawings, the coating roll R is built u about a corel, which may be of Wood, altlough the construction ofthat part of the roll is not material. This core 1 is shown as first covered with a cylindric Wire'screen `or sleeve la final sleeve 6 o 2, of coarse mesh, and then with a second wire screen 3,0f` finer mesh, which in turn' is inclosed within 'a perforated sleeve 4: of-

rubber .or the like. This rubber sleeveY is theninclosed Iwithin a sleeve 5 of fine wire mesh or metallic auze,'and over this again if! metallic gauze is slipped to -form the actual coating surface of the roll. The several inner sleeves 1-5, in this construction, constitute the cellular foundaztion for the coating'surface of the roll and will ordinarily iit ti' htly upon each other and upon the core o the roll. The outer sleeve 6 which forms the actual coating surface of the roll, however is shown as fitting loosely over the foundation layers so that it is free to slip freely upon the inner sleeve 5 if occasion requires. This loose fitting of the outer sleeve isclearly shown in Fig. 2, in a somewhat exa gerated manner for the sake of clearness o illustration, and its object, as hereinbefore stated, is to enable the surface of the roll to take the exact velocity of the tile which is passing over it, notwithstanding the fact that this velocity may be slightly different from that. of the roll itself. W en the coatingroll 4, vthus constructed, is mounted in a tile'coating machine, it will be supplied withl the coating material in any suitable manner, as b itselfI dipping into a tank. or vat, as in t e `im roved machine herein shown in Figs. 7 an 8, or by being rotated in prmriinityy to a drum running in a tank after the manner shown in my concurrent application heretoforereferred to. Then as themachiiie is actuated the coating material will be absorbed through the porous surface of the roll and fill the interstices in its cellular foundation, leaving its onteilayer normally clean `and practically free.

from coating material. When, however, a tile is delivered upon a coatin roll, as by a carrier apron C, the weight o the tile, assisted, if necessary, by a presser roller P, will cause the 'cellular foundation of the roll to be compressed and the coating material to exude through the pores ofthe rollin sufiicient quantities to properly coat the surface of the tile.4 This action of course involves a depressing or yielding of the surface of the roll in the vicinity of the tile, but the stiffness of the metallic gauze comprising the surface is suiiicient to distribute the yielding action over a considerable areaand lprevent any distinct sinking of the tile into the surface, and this fact, together with the fact that the coating material is not squeezed throu h to any considerable depth, prevents the e es of the tile from becoming coated.

In t e somewhat modified construction shown in Figs. 3 'and 4, the inner wire screens and perforated rubber sleeve are omitted, and 1n their place the roll is rovided with a corru ated surface 7 of ru ber or'otheriiexible e astic material, of which icov lau

Civ

titl

l of a solid rubber core. In either case it--vvill be surroundedv by outer sleeves of wire screen or the like, desirably including a.

fairly coarse inner sleeveand outer fine wire sleeves and 6, similar to the sleeves 5 and 6 of the construction herembefore described in connection With F 1 and 2, and with` the outermost sleeve 6 fitting loosely over the foundation sleeves beneath, as before specitied. The exact number of screen layers' thus provided around the-corrugated surface of the roll, may vary from that herein shown, but they must be sufficient to prevent the corrugations of the rubber from leaving their mark upon the tile when coated, and for this purpose the arrangement described has proven satisfactory. A somewhat similar but more approved Vconstruction -is that shown in Figs. 5 and 6, in which the corrugated surface 9 of the rubber sleeve or` solid rubber core. is ribbed in tWodirections, in this instance both annularly and longitudinally, so that the surface consists of a great number of small cups or ockets Within which the tile coating materia can lodge and be squeezed out as occasion requires. This cup surface is shown as inclosed Within a medium coarse inner sleeve 10 and this agair.. by a sleeve G of fine wire gauze, as before.

In all ofl the several roller constructions thus described, the cellular or porous construction Aof the foundation upon which the coating surface of the roll rests, also enables any surplus coating material or air bub )les carried up into the roll with the film of coating material. or forming therein beneath thev surface of the roll, to be squeezed back or out through the ends of the roll, or otherwise eliminated. so that they are not deposited upon the tile. And to insure this elimination of the air, a presser bar B, preferably a strip of rubber or similar yielding flexible material, is applied to thatside of the coating4 roll from which the tile approaches, at a point above the place where the coating material is supplied to the roll (Fig. S). This presser bar is arranged so as to exert a continuous pressure against the surface ofthe roll. R, and compresses its several layers sufficiently to squeeze down or out at the ends of the roll any surplusmaterial or any air bubbles formed or existing within the coating material occupying the interstices of the several foundation layers of the roll, so thatat the top of the roll Where it comes in contact with the tile, the coating material is free from entrained air and coats the tile uniformly and Without bubbles. or lapping over onto the edges of the tile.

In addition -to the function of'preveting entrained air forming `Within the coating, the bar or roll B acts to push the loose, pervious shell awav from the core on'the side .opposite the roll B. The even volume of coating thus ca used to flow from the shell during the coating operation is then caused to sink into or be Withdrawn into the shell,

-able gearing terminating as herein shown,

in a driving cone 12. The coating roll R in this construction dips directly into and nearly to the bottom of the tank or pan T, and is not only Supplied with 'coating material, but serves, in connection with the rotary movement of the tank pan, to keep the coating material in the pan constantly agitated. Driving connection for the roll 1s here shown in the shape of driving cones 13 and 14, located, 011e on the driving.l shaft 15 for the tank pan, and the other onthe roller shaft 16. Obviously, however, any other form of connection may be usedpif so desired,`but some form of change speed drive by which vthe relative velocities of the ltank and coating roll may be regulated, should in all cases be provided.

Endless carriers C andfC-l, driven by any suitable gearing not herein shown, serve to feed the t-ile to and remove them from the coating roll, and the presser bar B, which herein shown as positively driven by geen' ing `17 from the coating roll shaft 15." The nature. ofthis gearing, however, as well as the manner of mounting the presser roll and other details of the mechanism, may obviously be, varied as described.`

leference is herebymade to applicants copending applications Serial Number 253,720, tiled April 3, 1905` for coating machine; Serial Number '257.370, tiled April 25, 1905, forprocess of coating; Serial Number 370,655, tiled Apr. 27. 1907, for tile coat ing machine; Serial Number 327,924, filed July 2G. 1906, for machines for coating.

I kclaim asmy invention :l-

1. The combination of a coating carrier having a pervious surface, a foraminous covering loosely mounted on the carrier, so that the cover and carrier mayv have relative rotary motion and `means for supplying.

coating material tov the carrier.

ldue to the shell standingl away from the core,

vLing foraminous coverings therefor.

`vforin'contart with a portion only of the surface.

lperviene sui-face thereon, and means exertvvpervious elastic surface thereon', and means coated.

ingsiirface moving over the carrier,` and 'ing a cross-ribbed rubber periphery and a roll.

scribed. I

`13. A vcoating roll having a. cellularvpe- 2.- A'z coating carrier lia'vingi a ipervious surface; and aloosely-inclosing metallic foraminouscovering: therefor, combined with means for supplyingcoating to the carrier.

3.=A coatingcarrier having a-pei'vious .1

surface, and a foralninous co'veringvthereal.TA The combination of a coatiiigvcarriei, a movable coating surface `passing-overv the -saine in contact only with a'portion of-the carrier;- and ineansforexerting a pressure on the-carrier in advance of? its mntact with the article tobe coated.

- 5.- The combination ofi acarrier, a loose- -ing a. pressure Vonrsaid surface in advanceof contact with the articleto" be coated.

G.' (flic-combination' of a carrier, afloose exerting a pressure-on said `surface in advaiice of Contact' with -t-he article to be T.- 'llhc combination of alcariier, a coat-l' means formoving .the coating surface away from-the carrier beyond the point-Where thelarticle is coated.

8. A, coating#carrierhaving a. fpervious Surfaceland a plurality ofloosely envelop- 9.1 coatingroll provided with a cellular rubber periphery inclosed within ay foraminous metallic sleeve, substantially as described.

10. A coating roll having a ribbed rubber `periphery inclosed Within a foraminous metallic-sleeve, substantially as described.

11. The 'combination of a coating roll havforaminous sleeveloosely mounted upon the 1Q. A coating roll having an elastic cellular periphery, a foraininous metallic sleeve supported thereby, and a metallic wire sleeve inclosing the'v roll'and forming the actual coating surface thereof, substantially as deriphery andV an outerl foraniinous .sleeve loosely inclosing theroll, so that, the roll and sleeve may -have relative rotary motion substantially as described.

14. A coating roll having a cellular periphery inclosed Within the foraminous metallic sleeve, and an outer coating sleeve 'of foraininous metal loosely mounted thereon, substantially as described. y 15.' Acoating roll provided with a cellular periphery, a' forami-nous` sleeve supported! thereon,I and. second foraininous sleeveuloosely inclosiiigfthe roll, substantially as described.

#16.' Thefcombination, with a coating roll -having a conipressible coating surface, of a compressing -member :loosely mounted in Iproxiinity' tozthe roll to exert a continuous pressure on its coating surface, substantially as described.

M17. The' combination with a'coating roll haviiig an elastic lcellular periphery and a foraininous covering therefor, of a presser y member exerting a continuous 'pressure on fthe roll in advance of itsv contact With-'the article'to be coated, substantially as described.

'18; Thecombination with arcoating .roll having a foraininons metallic coveringy supported-011 a compressible' `foundation, -of a 'flexible lpresser member exerting a yielding .pressure on. -the coating roll, substantially-as described.

19. A tile coating machine comprising a coating roll, vand a rotary pan for tile coating material'into which the roll dips, suhyStantiallyv .as described.

2O(z A tile coating machine provided with a'rotary pan for the tile coating material and a roll dipping into the pan and serving both to raise the material for coating Athe tile and rto agitate the material Within the pan, substantiallyas described.

21.*A coating carrier having a pervious elastic surface and a`relatively firmer-y covering thereon. A

22. The combination of a coating carrier having a loose pervious elastic surface, an `inelastic support therefor, and means compressing the surface against the support in :as myl invention, I affix my signature in presence'of two subscribing Witnesses, this 14th day of April, A. D. 1904.

FREDERICK ERNST GOLDSMITH.

1t'Vitnesses :'HARRY WALBURG,

J. P. ScovrLL. 

